Calcium Chloride Anhydrous Dihydrate IP BP USP Hexa India Manufacturer

ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company

Product Links: Zinc Chloride Ammonium Chloride Calcium Chloride Potassium Chloride Sodium Chloride Sodium Acetate Mono/Di Ammonium Phosphate Mono/Di/Tri Sodium Phosphate Mono/Di/Tri Potassium Phosphate Iron Sulphide or Ferrous Sulphide Sodium Bromide Potassium Bromide Zinc Sulphate PCB Etchant or Ammonical Etchant Ammonium Chloride Bars/Bricks/Latta & Pellets/Tablets; Salammoniac Bars and Salamak Bricks, Navsagar Zinc Ammonium Chloride Galvanising Flux Sodium Di-Acetate

SOLID, FUSED, ANHYDROUS, LYE-SOLUTION-BRINE------FOOD GRADE------PHARMACEUTICAL GRADE------ I.P. GRADE------PURE OR MERCK GRADE------DIHYDRATE CRYSTALS------D.A. OR DISSOLVED ACETYLENE GAS GRADE------DESSICATION GRADE------SOLVENT DRYING GRADE-------CEMENT PAINT GRADE------PHOTOGRAPHY/PRINTING GRADE------PLASTIC GRADE------REFRIGERATION GRADE------HEAT TREATMENT SALTS GRADE------CEMENT HARDENING OR ACCELERATOR GRADE------ICE MELTING USE------DUST CONTROL USE.

CALCIUM CHLORIDE
for Calcium Chloride MSDS Click here

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
CAS No.: 10043-52-4
Molecular Weight: 110.98
Chemical Formula: CaCl2

Calcium Chloride Solid, Fused Anhydrous Calcium Chloride Food Grade Calcium Chloride Di hydrate, A.R. Calcium Chloride Hexa hydrate Calcium Chloride Gas Use, Desiccation, Heat Treatment, Solvent Drying, Azeotrope Calcium Chloride Paint, Graphic & Refrigeration Use Calcium Chloride IP, BP, USP, EP.

GRADES OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE AND SPECIFICATIONS.

CALCIUM CHLORIDE HARD FUSED/SOLID	CALCIUM CHLORIDE DOUBLE FUSED	CALCIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS
Calcium Chloride 72-75%	Calcium Chloride 80-85%	Calcium Chloride 94-98%
Appearance White Lumps (Powder not offered)	Appearance White Lumps or Powder	Appearance White Lumps or Powder
Magnesium 0.3% max.	Magnesium 0.3% max.	Magnesium 0.3% max.
Iron 100 ppm max.	Iron 100 ppm max.	Iron 100 ppm max.
Dry Basis Assay 98% min.	Dry Basis Assay 98% min.	Dry Basis Assay 98% min.
In 50 Kgs. HDPE bag with HMHDP liner.	In 50 Kgs. HDPE bag with double HMHDP liners	In 50 Kgs. HDPE bag with double HMHDP liners

Calcium Chloride ...Food Grade and Indian Pharma Grade.
SPECIFICATIONS

Particulars Anhydrous. Di-hydrate.

Calcium Chloride 93% min. as CaCl2 97 to 103% as CaCl2.2H2O

Arsenic 0.0003% max. 3 ppm. max. 0.0003% max. <3 ppm

Lead (Pb) 0.001% max. 10 ppm. max. 0.001% max. <10 ppm.

Heavy Metal as (Pb) 0.0003% max. 3 ppm. max. 0.0003% max. <3 ppm.

Magnesium/Alkali 1% max 1% max.

Clarity of 10% Soln. Clear & Colourles Clear & Colourles

Free Acid or Alkali 0.005%max. & pH 4.5-9
0.2ML OF 0.01M HCl/NaOH TO 10ML OF 10%
0.005%max. & pH 4.5-9
0.2ML OF 0.01M HCl/NaOH TO 10ML OF 10%

Passes Standards of Food Grade. I.P. Std.

Calcium Chloride Di-hydrate & Calcium Chloride A. R. (PURE)

CALCIUM CHLORIDE DI-HYDRATE EXTRA PURE; A. R. MERCK SPECIFICATIONS.
Assay	97%-103%. as CaCl2.2H2O
Free Acid or Alkali	0.005% Max. as HCl OR Ca(OH)2.
Sulphate (SO4)	0.01% Max.
Iron	0.001% Max.
Magnesium	0.05% Max.

Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate (EXTRA PURE)
Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as well as for passive cooling applications as a latent heat energy storage material. We expertise in the manufacture of hexahydrate calcium chloride and are totally equipped to offer the best grade for latent heat storage applications with user-specified melting temperature (m.p.).

CALCIUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE EXTRA PURE; A. R. MERCK SPECIFICATIONS.

Assay
99%-101%. as CaCl2.6H2O

Free Acid or Alkali 0.005% Max. as HCl OR Ca(OH)2.

Sulphate (SO4) 0.01% Max.

Iron 0.001% Max.

Magnesium 0.05% Max.

We offer Calcium Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques

Calcium Chloride....Gas Grade.
We have actively assisted Dissolved Acetylene Gas manufacturers and developed the right grade which drastically reduces the Poisoning of Cylinders. This grade can also be used for desiccating other gases.

Calcium Chloride....Desiccation of Solvents & Gases.
We have actively assisted several Solvent manufacturers, Dissolved Acetylene Gas manufacturers and developed the right grade which drastically reduces the Poisoning of Cylinders. Grades suitable for any density of Solvents, for use in Azotropic or Azeotropic Distillation Desiccation Hydrocarbon Drying and Drying of any type of Gases are offered.

Calcium Chloride....Heat-Treatment Salt Grade.
Our group was a manufacturer of Heat-treatment Salts, manufacturing under Die-Hard brand name. We are totally equipped to offer the best grade.

Calcium Chloride....Cement Paint Grade.
Our association with Cement Paint manufacturers is since last 35 years. We can suggest the best and/or economical grades for Cement Paint Industry. Use of 2% Calcium Chloride in Cement or Cement Paint is very beneficial in getting good hardness in very less time of curing.

Calcium Chloride ...Graphic Grade.
A quickly soluble grade is offered for this use.

Calcium Chloride...Refrigeration or Brine Grade.
A Brine may be defined as liquid of low freezing point used in transmission of refrigeration without change of state. The brines commonly employed in refrigeration are Calcium Chloride and Sodium Chloride. Sodium Chloride is cheaper but cannot be used below minus 15⁰C. Calcium Chloride of commercial grade can operate satisfactorily upto minus 40⁰C. Use of Calcium Chloride above 33% should be avoided as it results in crystallization resulting in reduced efficiency. The Calcium Chloride selected should be adjusted to pH of around 8 and it should be free from free-acid and dirt. Coloured material should not be used as it results in corrosion and scaling of the tubes. For the same reason by-product Calcium Chloride is not desirable as it contains Organic Chlorides which may break into Hydrogen Chloride.

We offer Calcium Chloride IP, BP, USP or EP made at our FDA approved world class plant
Anmol Chemicals Taloja an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques

INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
CALCIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE (CaCl₂.2H₂O)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT - 147.02

*DESCRIPTION*	WHITE, CRYSTALLINE POWDER OR FRAGMENTS OR GRANULES; ODOURLESS; HYGROSCOPIC.

*SOLUBILITY*	FREELY SOLUBLE IN WATER AND IN ETHANOL (95%).

*STANDARD*	CALCIUM CHLORIDE CONTENT NOT LESS THAN 97.0% AND NOT MORE THAN THE EQUIVALENT OF 103.0 OF CaCl₂.2H₂O.

IDENTIFICATION	A 10% W/W SOLUTION GIVES THE REACTIONS OF CALCIUM SALTS AND OF CHLORIDES.

CLARITY AND	A 10% w/w SOLUTION IS CLEAR & COLOURLESS.
COLOUR OF SOLN.

**ACIDITY & ALKALINITY**	TO 10 ML OF A FRESHLY PREPARED 10% w/w SOLUTION ADD 2 DROPS OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN SOLUTION. TITRATE IT WITH 0.01N HYDROCHLORIC ACID OR 0.01N SODIUM HYDROXIDE; NOT MORE THAN 0.2 ML IS REQUIRED.

*ARSENIC*	NOT MORE THAN 3 PARTS PER MILLION.

*IRON*	NOT MORE THAN 20 PARTS PER MILLION.

*HEAVY METALS*	NOT MORE THAN 10 PARTS PER MILLION.

*MAGNESIUM &*	NOT MORE THAN 1%.
*ALKALI SALTS*

ALUMINUM AND	TO PASS THE TEST.
PHOSPHATE

*BARIUM*	TO PASS THE TEST.

SULPHATE	NOT MORE THAN 300 PARTS PER MILLION.

Calcium Chloride:

Identifiers

IUPAC name	calcium chloride
Other names	calcium(II) chloride, calcium dichloride, E509
CAS number	[10043-52-4]
RTECS number	EV9800000, Anhydrous
Properties
Molecular formula	CaCl₂ CaCl₂.2H₂O Dihydrate CaCl₂.4H₂O Tetrahydrate CaCl₂.6H₂O Hexahydrate
Molar mass	110.99 g/mol, anhydrous 147.02 g/mol, dihydrate 183.04 g/mol, tetrahydrate 219.08 g/mol, hexahydrate
Appearance	white or colorless solid
Density	2.15 g/cm�, anhydrous 0.835 g/cm�, dihydrate 1.71 g/cm�, hexahydrate
Melting point	772 �C (anhydrous)
Boiling point	>1600 �C
Solubility in water	74.5 g/100 ml (20 �C)
Structure
Crystal structure	deformed rutile
Coordination geometry	octahedral, 6-coordinate
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Irritant (Xi)
NFPA 704	0 1 0
R-phrases	R36
S-phrases	(S2), S22, S24

Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), is an ionic compound of calcium and chlorine. It is highly soluble in water and it is deliquescent. It is a salt that is solid at room temperature, and it behaves as a typical ionic halide. It has several common applications such as brine for refrigeration plants, ice and dust control on roads, and in cement. It can be produced directly from limestone, but large amounts are also produced as a by-product of the Solvay process. Because of its hygroscopic nature, it must be kept in tightly-sealed containers.

Natural occurrence

Natural occurrence of a dihydrate (mineral sinjarite) and hexahydrate (antarcticite) is very rare and connected mainly with dry lakes and brines. Chlorocalcite KCaCl₃ is a related mineral (also very rare).

Chemical properties

Calcium Chloride can serve as a source of calcium ions in solution, for instance for precipitation because many calcium compounds are insoluble:

3 CaCl₂(aq) + 2 K₃PO₄(aq) → Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 KCl(aq)

Molten CaCl₂can be electrolyzed to give calcium metal:

CaCl₂(l) → Ca(s) + Cl₂(g)

Uses (Industrial)

Millions of tons of calcium chloride are made each year across the globe, and it has a wide variety of industrial applications.

Because it is strongly hygroscopic, air or other gases may be channeled through a column of calcium chloride to remove moisture. In particular, calcium chloride is usually used to pack drying tubes to exclude atmospheric moisture from a reaction set-up while allowing gases to escape. It can also be added to liquids to remove suspended or dissolved water. The dissolving process is highly exothermic and rapidly produces temperatures of around 60 �C (140 �F). In this capacity, it is known as a drying agent or desiccant. It is converted to a brine as it absorbs the water or water vapor from the substance to be dried:

CaCl₂ + 2 H₂O → CaCl₂�2H₂O

Aided by the intense heat evolved during its dissolution, calcium chloride is also used as an ice-melting compound. Unlike the more-common sodium chloride (rock salt or halite), it is relatively harmless to plants and soil; however, recent observations in Washington state suggest it may be particularly harsh on roadside evergreen trees. It is also more effective at lower temperatures than sodium chloride. When distributed for this use, it usually takes the form of small white balls a few millimeters in diameter, called prills.

Used for its hygroscopic property, it can be applied to keep a liquid layer on the surface of the roadway, which holds dust down. It is used in concrete mixes to help speed up the initial setting, however chloride ion leads to corrosion of steel rebar, so it should not be used in reinforced concrete.

Aqueous calcium chloride (in solution with water) lowers the freezing point as low as -52�C (-62�F), making it ideal for filling agricultural implement tires as a liquid ballast, aiding traction in cold climates.

Other industrial applications include use as an additive in plastics, as a drainage aid for wastewater treatment, as an additive in fire extinguishers, as an additive in control scaffolding in blast furnaces, and as a thinner in fabric softener.

Calcium Chloride is used to melt ice. Because one of its chief uses is as a drying and dehydrating agent, it is used by many municipalities in de-icing roadways.

Calcium Chloride is used for dust control application too. It's is sprinkled on dusty sideways. Due to it's moisture retaining properties, calcium chloride helps in control of dust.

Farmers were the first ones to figure out that if you add weight to a tractor, you get better traction. This was the genesis of the benefits of calcium chloride in tire traction. You have calcium chloride to thank for those tires with good traction. Calcium chloride is used in the automotive industry to obtain better traction.

Other listed uses of Calcium Chloride are:

It helps to set paper dyes by providing artificial water hardness.

It is used in the Portland cement manufacturing as an additive to reduce alkali content of cement.

It is used in the plastics industry like PVC-bending etc.

It is used in concrete additive to accelerate its hydration at low temperatures, to give the concrete durability and strength, to accelerate its setting.

It is used together with Zinc Chloride in electroplating of bright zinc on steel as the electrolyte. It may be used in electroplating of other metals too.

It is used in the petroleum industry is drying petroleum fractions like diesel, kerosene and other hydrocarbon fractions.

It is used as catalyst in organic technology, for polymerization of ethylene and propylene, for oxichlorination of ethane to vinyl chloride, for dehydration of alcohols.

It is used as base stabilization for road construction.

It is used for freeze-proofing sand for winter road application.

It is used for removal of phosphates and fluorides in effluent treatment plants.

It is used for mines and oil well drilling.

It is used as a supplement or for calcium deficiency in animals.

It is used in agriculture it is for improving the product quality like tomato skin.

It is used Drilling muds & chemicals.

It is a compound of significant interest to many marine aquarists. Besides its potential use in formulating artificial salt mixes, it is also useful in directly supplementing calcium to aquaria.

....and ......

Muby Chemicals can offer Calcium Chloride for Dissolved Acetylene (DA) gas cylinder filling which minimizes poisoning of cylinders, for Desiccation, for Solvent Drying, for Cement Paint, for Photography/Printing, for Plastics, for Refrigeration, for Heat Treatment Salt manufacture, for Cement Hardening or Accelerator, for De-icing or Ice Melting, and for Dust Control applications, Diesel drying and so on....

Uses (food)

As an ingredient, it is listed as a permitted food additive in the European Union for use as a sequestrant and firming agent with the E number E509. The anhydrous form has been approved by the FDA as a packaging aid to ensure dryness (CPG 7117.02).

Calcium chloride is commonly used as an Electrolyte and has an extremely salty taste, as found in sports drinks and other beverages such as Smartwater and Nestle bottled water. It can also be used as a preservative to maintain firmness in canned vegetables or in higher concentrations in pickles to give a salty taste while not increasing the food's sodium content. It is even found in snack foods, including Cadbury Caramilk chocolate bars (purpose unknown).

It can be used to make a caviar substitute from vegetable or fruit juices or added to processed milk to restore the natural balance between calcium and protein for the purposes of making cheese such as brie and stilton. Calcium chloride's exothermic properties are exploited in many 'self heating' food products where it is activated (mixed) with water to start the heating process, providing a non-explosive, dry fuel that is easily activated.

Calcium chloride prevents spoilage of food and is popularly used as a preservative in packed foods. It also helps to keep the food healthy and fresh for a longer duration. As pasteurized milk greatly diminishes calcium content, calcium chloride is added in small amounts to aid coagulation and form quality curd. Calcium chloride is also an important cheese making additive. The water solution of calcium chloride is used in refrigerators. The solution is an essential cooling agent for making ice.

Calcium chloride helps in lowering the freezing or melting point of water. Calcium chloride melts ice faster than any other chemical compound and that is why in extremely cold conditions, the highway department applies it in a powder form on the roads and sidewalks. It is also widely used as an additive in the paper making industry and in the manufacturing of dyes. Calcium chloride is also often used as a dehydrating agent in the petrochemical industry, due to its ability to deprive a chemical compound of its water content.

In brewing beers (esp. ales and bitters), calcium chloride is sometimes used to correct mineral deficiencies in the brewing water (calcium is important for enzyme function during the mash, for kettle protein coagulation (the "hot break") and yeast metabolism) and adds permanent hardness to the water. The chloride ions enhance flavour and give a perception of sweetness and fuller flavour, whereas the sulfate ions in Gypsum, which is also used to add calcium ions to brewing water, tend to impart a drier, crisper flavour with more bitterness.

Calcium Chloride is also used in making cheese. It improves curd size and texture when using store bought milk. One teaspoon of 30% solution will treat 2 gallons of milk. To compensate for the processing of store bought milk, add calcium chloride prior to adding rennet to the cheese mixture. The addition of calcium chloride will help restore the altered milk protein and aid in the development of a quality curd.

Calcium Chloride is strongly hygroscopic, a layer of calcium chloride is applied on roads and in mines to minimize dust problems. Calcium Chloride is often added to concrete mixes as it has been proved that concrete containing it hardens rapidly, thus reducing the time of setting. Calcium Chloride provides greater concrete strength. Unlike other chemical compounds, it does not damage the concrete. Calcium Chloride is exothermic. When added in liquids to remove dissolved water, a huge amount of heat is released and the temperature rises. This property is often used to start the heating process required for industrial purposes.

Agriculture Uses: A number of studies show crop responses to foliar calcium, but these are not necessarily based on experiments with the chloride form. For example, a spray that contained calcium oxide increased yields and average fruit size of tomatoes. In agriculture, calcium chloride has been used to manage about 35 different physiological disorders of plants. Annual sprays of calcium chloride increased yields of Anjou pears and decreased incidence of alfalfa greening and cork spot. Late season sprays of calcium chloride reduced cork spot and increased yields of pears. Four sprays in a season on Bartlett pears increased yields and reduced incidence of black end by 25-68%. Bitter pit of apples was slightly reduced by sprays, but considerably reduced by a 30-40 second dip of 1-4% calcium chloride. Sprays of developing fruit on fig trees reduced the susceptibility to fruit cracking. Calcium chloride reduced physiological disorders of lettuce when sprayed once or twice a week before head formation.

Other listed uses are:
Pickles - Placing fresh cucumbers in a tank containing a solution of .5% calcium chloride and 7.0% sodium chloride reduces softening during fermentation.
Apples - Immersing apples in a 3.0 - 8.0% calcium chloride solution reduces cork spotting and bitter-pit problems.
Cherries - Brining sweet cherries in a 2.5 - 4.0% solution of calcium chloride preserves their firmness.
Olives - Brining Black Ripe and Greek olives in a solution containing 0.5 - 1.0% calcium chloride maintains their firmness.
Fruits and Vegetables: it is used in to increase the firmness of fruits and vegetables, preventing breakup in processing and cooking.
Cheese Manufacturing: it is used to increase the size and strength of the curds.
Beverage Manufacturing: The bottling industry uses it to remove sodium alkalinity from water used in soft drink and beer formulation. Water is then remineralized to desired levels assuring uniform taste regardless of processing location.
Novelty Ice Cream: Calcium chloride is also used as a refrigerant in molds used to manufacture novelty ice cream and frozen dessert products.
Calcium chloride is also used as a meat tenderizer and a flavor enhancer.

For more information on Calcium Chloride use in agriculture please visit http://www.omri.org/calcium_chloride_final.pdf .

Uses (biological/medical)

Calcium chloride can be injected as intravenous therapy for the treatment of hypocalcaemia (low serum calcium). It can be used for: insect bites or stings (such as Black Widow Spider bites); sensitivity reactions, particularly when characterized by urticaria (hives); magnesium intoxication; as an aid in management of the acute symptoms in lead colic; in cardiac resuscitation, particularly after open heart surgery. Parenteral calcium can be used when epinephrine has failed to improve weak or ineffective myocardial contractions. Calcium chloride injection may antagonize cardiac toxicity as measured by electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG).

It can help rapidly lower dangerously-high levels of serum potassium in hyperkalemia. Calcium chloride can be used to quickly treat Calcium Channel Blocker toxicity, from the side effects of drugs such as Diltiazem (Cardizem) - helping avoid potential heart attacks.

The aqueous form of calcium chloride is used in genetic transformation of cells by increasing the cell membrane permeability, inducing competence for DNA uptake (allowing DNA fragments to enter the cell more readily).

It can also be used in the reef aquarium hobby for adding bio-available calcium in solution for calcium-using animals such as algae, snails, hard tube worms, and Corals although the use of calcium hydroxide (kalkwasser mix) or a calcium reactor is the preferred method of adding calcium. However, calcium chloride is the quickest method to increase calcium levels as it dissolves readily in water.

CALCIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION USP

Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Calcium plays important physiologic roles, many of which are not completely understood. Calcium is essential for the proper functioning of nerve and muscle, where it has a major influence on stimulation thresholds and the release of neurotransmitters. It is necessary for muscle contraction, maintenance of the integrity of membranes, coagulation of the blood, and cardiac function. Calcium also plays regulatory roles in the release and storage of neurotransmitters and hormones, in the uptake and binding of amino acids, and in cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) absorption and gastrin secretion.

Calcium is present in small quantities in the extracellular fluid and to a minor extent in the structure of cytoplasm of cells of soft tissue. To fulfill its vital function, ionized calcium must be available to the appropriate tissues in the proper concentrations. An endocrine control system ordinarily keeps the plasma concentrations of ionized calcium within narrow limits. Intracellular concentrations of ionized calcium are also strictly regulated by control of the exchange of ions between the cell and its environment and between intracellular compartments. The principal endocrine factors that control calcium metabolism are parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin D. Derangements in calcium metabolism may occasionally require the rapid restoration of calcium concentrations in body fluids by the infusion of i.v. calcium salts.

Indications And Clinical Uses: For the treatment of hypocalcemia for those conditions requiring a prompt increase in blood plasma calcium levels, such as neonatal tetany and tetany due to parathyroid deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and alkalosis. It is also indicated for the prevention of hypocalcemia during exchange transfusions.

Calcium chloride can be administered as adjunctive therapy in a number of conditions, including the following: insect bites or stings such as Black Widow Spider bites; sensitivity reactions, particularly when characterized by urticaria; magnesium intoxication due to overdosage of magnesium sulfate; as an aid in management of the acute symptoms in lead colic; in cardiac resuscitation, particularly after open heart surgery, parenteral calcium can be used when epinephrine has failed to improve weak or ineffective myocardial contractions.

In hyperkalemia, calcium chloride injection may aid in antagonizing cardiac toxicity as measured by electrocardiographic (ECG), provided the patient is not receiving digitalis therapy.

Contra-Indications: Cardiac resuscitation in the presence of ventricular fibrillation; digitalized patients; hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria (e.g., in hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D overdosage, decalcifying tumors such as plasmocytoma, bone metastases); severe renal disease; calcium loss due to immobilization. tag_WarningWarnings

Manufacturers' Warnings In Clinical States: For i.v. use only. Must not be injected i.m. or s.c.

Calcium chloride injection is irritating to veins and must not be injected into tissues, since severe necrosis and sloughing may occur. Great care should be taken to avoid extravasation or accidental injection into perivascular tissues (see Precautions).

Precautions: In mild hypercalciuria (exceeding 300 mg/24 hours) as well as in chronic renal failure, or where there is evidence of stone formation in the urinary tract, urinary calcium excretion should be monitored. If necessary, the dosage should be reduced or calcium therapy discontinued.

High vitamin D intake should be avoided during calcium therapy unless especially indicated.

Injections should be made slowly through a small needle into a large vein in order to avoid too rapid an increase in serum calcium and extravasation of calcium solution into surrounding tissue (see Warnings). It is particularly important to prevent a high concentration of calcium from reaching the heart because of the danger of cardiac syncope. If injected into the ventricular cavity in cardiac resuscitation, it must not be injected into the myocardial tissue.

Rapid injection of calcium chloride may cause vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, syncope and cardiac arrest.

Drug Interactions: The ionotropic and toxic effects of cardiac glycosides and calcium are synergistic and arrhythmias may occur if these drugs are given together (particularly when calcium is given intravenously). I.V. administration of calcium should be avoided in patients receiving cardiac glycosides; if necessary, calcium should be given slowly in small amounts.

Calcium complexes tetracycline antibiotics rendering them inactive. The two drugs should not be given at the same time orally, nor should they be mixed for a parenteral administration.

Pregnancy: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with calcium chloride. It also is not known if calcium chloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Calcium chloride should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Lactation : It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when calcium chloride is administered to a nursing woman.

Adverse Reactions: Parenteral calcium may cause flushing, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, sweating and hypotension. Vasomotor collapse may ensue if i.v. injection is too rapid.

Injections of calcium chloride are accompanied by peripheral vasodilatation as well as a local burning sensation.

Symptoms And Treatment Of Overdose: Untoward effects which may occur with parenterally administered calcium are related to the rate of injection.Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sensations of heat and sweating, arrhythmias, hypotension, circulatory collapse. tag_Treatment

Treatment: Persistent hypercalcemia from overdosage of calcium is unlikely because of rapid excretion. In the event of untoward effects from excessive calcium administration, the drug should be discontinued promptly, the patient re-evaluated and appropriate countermeasures instituted, if necessary.

Dosage And Administration: To aid in converting: 1 g of elemental calcium = 25 mmol elemental calcium = 50 mEq elemental calcium = 3.7 g calcium chloride = 37 mL of a 10% solution of calcium chloride.

Calcium chloride is administered only by slow i.v. injection (not to exceed 1 mL/min).

The usual precautions for i.v. therapy should be observed. If time permits, the solution should be warmed to body temperature. The injection should be halted if the patient complains of any discomfort; it may be resumed when symptoms disappear. Following injection, the patient should remain recumbent for a short time.

The usual adult dosage in hypocalcemic disorders ranges from 500 mg to 1 g (5 to 10 mL) at intervals of 1 to 3 days, depending on the response of the patient and/or results of serum calcium determinations. Repeated injections may be required because of rapid excretion of calcium.

In magnesium intoxication, an initial adult dose of 500 mg (5 mL) should be administered promptly and the patient observed for signs of recovery before further doses are given.

In hyperkalemic ECG disturbances of cardiac function, the dosage of calcium chloride injection should be titrated by constant monitoring of ECG changes during administration.

In cardiac resuscitation, the usual adult dosage ranges from 500 mg to 1 g (5 to 10 mL) i.v.

For more information visit http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20C)/CALCIUM%20CHLORIDE%20INJECTION%20USP.html

General Precautions

Calcium chloride is an irritant, particularly on moist skin.

Dry calcium chloride reacts exothermically when exposed to water. Burns can result in the mouth and esophagus if humans or other animals ingest dry calcium chloride. Small children are more susceptible than adults (who generally have had experience trying to eat hot food, and can react accordingly) so calcium chloride should be kept out of their reach.

For more information contact manufacturer at:
MUBY CHEMICALS
S-8, SARIFA MANSION, 2ND FLANK ROAD, CHINCHBUNDER, MUMBAI 400009, INDIA.
TEL: (OFFICE) 91-22-23770100, 23774610, 23726950, 23723564. FAX: 91-22-23728264.

e-mail: anmolc@mtnl.net.in or info@mubychem.com

Cell Call to Anmol: +91-9821870100 or Ambrish: +91-9821570100

The Trouble with the Rat Race is

Even if you Win you are still a Rat

For Phase Change Material ( PCM ) in Telecom Shelters, Heating or Cooling Back-up etc.--Click Telecom Shelter PCM for details & for General Phase Change Materials (PCM) Click Phase Change Material for details

Particulars	Anhydrous.	Di-hydrate.
Calcium Chloride	93% min. as CaCl2	97 to 103% as CaCl2.2H2O
Arsenic	0.0003% max. 3 ppm. max.	0.0003% max. <3 ppm
Lead (Pb)	0.001% max. 10 ppm. max.	0.001% max. <10 ppm.
Heavy Metal as (Pb)	0.0003% max. 3 ppm. max.	0.0003% max. <3 ppm.
Magnesium/Alkali	1% max	1% max.
Clarity of 10% Soln.	Clear & Colourles	Clear & Colourles
Free Acid or Alkali	0.005%max. & pH 4.5-9 0.2ML OF 0.01M HCl/NaOH TO 10ML OF 10%	0.005%max. & pH 4.5-9 0.2ML OF 0.01M HCl/NaOH TO 10ML OF 10%
Passes Standards of	Food Grade.	I.P. Std.

CALCIUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE EXTRA PURE; A. R. MERCK SPECIFICATIONS.
Assay	99%-101%. as CaCl2.6H2O
Free Acid or Alkali	0.005% Max. as HCl OR Ca(OH)2.
Sulphate (SO4)	0.01% Max.
Iron	0.001% Max.
Magnesium	0.05% Max.